The precise mechanisms whereby increased levels of LDL result in increased atherosclerosis risk is unclear. Recent studies, however, have suggested that LDL needs to be modified, especially oxidatively, before it can become atherogenic. Oxidised LDL has many biological properties that may cause it to become atherogenic (Fig. 6.17). The antiatherogenic properties of HDL are probably related to its postulated role in reverse cholesterol transport.
